开源鸿蒙 CMSIS Support

2022-08-09
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CMSIS Support

Basic Concepts

The Cortex Microcontroller Software Interface Standard (CMSIS) is a vendor-independent hardware abstraction layer for microcontrollers based on Arm Cortex processors. Of the CMSIS components, the Real Time Operating System (RTOS) defines a set of universal and standardized APIs to reduce the dependency of application developers on specific RTOS and facilitate software porting and reuse. The CMSIS provides CMSIS-RTOS v1 and CMSIS-RTOS v2. The OpenHarmony LiteOS-M supports only the implementation of CMSIS-RTOS v2.

Development Guidelines

Available APIs

The following table describes CMSIS-RTOS v2 APIs. For more details about the APIs, see the API reference.

Table 1 CMSIS-RTOS v2 APIs

Category	API	Description
Kernel information and control	osKernelGetInfo	Obtains RTOS kernel information.
	osKernelGetState	Obtains the current RTOS kernel status.
	osKernelGetSysTimerCount	Obtains the RTOS kernel system timer count.
	osKernelGetSysTimerFreq	Obtains the RTOS kernel system timer frequency.
	osKernelInitialize	Initializes the RTOS kernel.
	osKernelLock	Locks the RTOS kernel scheduler.
	osKernelUnlock	Unlocks the RTOS kernel scheduler.
	osKernelRestoreLock	Restores the RTOS kernel scheduler to the locked state.
	osKernelResume	Restores the RTOS kernel scheduler (not implemented yet).
	osKernelStart	Starts the RTOS kernel scheduler.
	osKernelSuspend	Suspends the RTOS kernel scheduler (not implemented yet).
	osKernelGetTickCount	Obtains the RTOS kernel tick count.
	osKernelGetTickFreq	Obtains the RTOS kernel tick frequency.
Thread management	osThreadDetach	Detaches a thread (to reclaim the thread storage when the thread terminates).
	osThreadEnumerate	Enumerates active threads (not been implemented yet).
	osThreadExit	Terminates a running thread.
	osThreadGetCount	Obtains the number of active threads.
	osThreadGetId	Obtains the ID of the running thread.
	osThreadGetName	Obtains the thread name.
	osThreadGetPriority	Obtains the current thread priority.
	osThreadGetStackSize	Obtains the thread stack size.
	osThreadGetStackSpace	Obtains the available stack space for a thread based on the stack waterline record during execution.
	osThreadGetState	Obtains the current thread status.
	osThreadJoin	Waits for the specified thread to terminate.
	osThreadNew	Creates a thread and adds it to active threads.
	osThreadResume	Resumes the execution of a thread.
	osThreadSetPriority	Changes the priority of a thread.
	osThreadSuspend	Suspends a thread.
	osThreadTerminate	Terminates a thread.
	osThreadYield	Passes control to the next thread in the ready state.
Thread flag	osThreadFlagsSet	Sets flags for a thread.
	osThreadFlagsClear	Clears the specified flags for the running thread.
	osThreadFlagsGet	Obtains the current flags of the running thread.
	osThreadFlagsWait	Waits for one or more thread flags of the running thread to signal.
Event flag	osEventFlagsGetName	Obtains the names of the event flags (not implemented yet).
	osEventFlagsNew	Creates and initializes event flags.
	osEventFlagsDelete	Deletes event flags.
	osEventFlagsSet	Sets event flags.
	osEventFlagsClear	Clears event flags.
	osEventFlagsGet	Obtains the current event flags.
	osEventFlagsWait	Waits for one or more event flags to be signaled.
General waiting functions	osDelay	Waits for timeout (time delay).
	osDelayUntil	Waits until the specified time.
Timer management	osTimerDelete	Deletes a timer.
	osTimerGetName	Obtains the timer name (not implemented yet).
	osTimerIsRunning	Checks whether a timer is running.
	osTimerNew	Creates and initializes a timer.
	osTimerStart	Starts or restarts a timer.
	osTimerStop	Stops a timer.
Mutex management	osMutexAcquire	Acquires a mutex or times out (if locked).
	osMutexDelete	Deletes a mutex.
	osMutexGetName	Obtains the mutex name (not implemented yet).
	osMutexGetOwner	Obtains the thread that acquires the mutex.
	osMutexNew	Creates and initializes a mutex.
	osMutexRelease	Releases the mutex obtained using osMutexAcquire.
Semaphore	osSemaphoreAcquire	Obtains the semaphore token or times out if no token is available.
	osSemaphoreDelete	Deletes a semaphore.
	osSemaphoreGetCount	Obtains the token count of the current semaphore.
	osSemaphoreGetName	Obtains the name of a semaphore (not implemented yet).
	osSemaphoreNew	Creates and initializes a semaphore.
	osSemaphoreRelease	Releases semaphore tokens till the initial maximum count.
Memory pool	osMemoryPoolAlloc	Allocates a memory block from the memory pool.
	osMemoryPoolDelete	Deletes a memory pool object.
	osMemoryPoolFree	Releases the allocated memory block to the memory pool.
	osMemoryPoolGetBlockSize	Obtains the memory block size in the memory pool.
	osMemoryPoolGetCapacity	Obtains the maximum number of memory blocks in the memory pool.
	osMemoryPoolGetCount	Obtains the number of used memory blocks in the memory pool.
	osMemoryPoolGetName	Obtains the memory pool name.
	osMemoryPoolGetSpace	Obtains the number of available memory blocks in the memory pool.
	osMemoryPoolNew	Creates and initializes a memory pool.
Message queue	osMessageQueueDelete	Deletes a message queue.
	osMessageQueueGet	Obtain a message from the queue or times out if the queue is empty.
	osMessageQueueGetCapacity	Obtains the maximum number of messages in the message queue.
	osMessageQueueGetCount	Obtains the number of queued messages in the message queue.
	osMessageQueueGetMsgSize	Obtains the maximum message size in the memory pool.
	osMessageQueueGetName	Obtains the message queue name (not implemented yet).
	osMessageQueueGetSpace	Obtains the number of slots available for messages in the message queue.
	osMessageQueueNew	Creates and initializes a message queue.
	osMessageQueuePut	Puts the message into the queue or times out if the queue is full.
	osMessageQueueReset	Initialized the message queue to the empty state (not implemented yet).

How to Develop

The CMSIS-RTOS v2 component can be provided as a library (shown in the figure) or source code. By adding the CMSIS-RTOS v2 component (typically configuration files), you can implement RTOS capabilities on CMSIS-based applications. You only need to include the cmsis_os2.h header file. RTOS APIs can then be called to process RTOS kernel-related events. You do not need to recompile the source code when the kernel is replaced.

The RTOS object control block definition needs to be called for static object allocation. The implementation-specific header file (os_xx.h in the following figure) provides access to such control block definitions. In the OpenHarmony LiteOS-M kernel, the header files whose names start with los_ provide the definitions of the kernel.

Development Example

#include ...
#include "cmsis_os2.h"

/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Application main thread
 *---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void app_main (void *argument) {
  // ...
  for (;;) {}
}

int main (void) {
 // Initialize the system.
  MySystemInit();
  // ...

  osKernelInitialize();                // Initialize CMSIS-RTOS.
  osThreadNew(app_main, NULL, NULL);    // Create the main thread of the application.
  osKernelStart();                     // Start to execute the thread.
  for (;;) {}
}