harmony 鸿蒙Using Rust Toolchain

2025-06-12
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Using Rust Toolchain

Introduction

This document walks you through on how to compile Rust applications to make them suitable for running with OpenHarmony OS.

Rust is a static, strongly typed programming language. It has advantages such as secure memory management, high running performance, and native support for multi-thread development.

This toolchain is developed based on the open-source Rust and LLVM and adapts to OpenHarmony OS target binary builds. You can use it to convert build Rust source code into the binary code that can run on OpenHarmony devices.

When to Use

Compile Linux x86 target binaries or cross-compile OpenHarmony target binaries in a Linux x86 environment.
Compile MacOS x86 target binaries in a MacOS x86 environment.
Compile MacOS arm64 target binaries in a MacOS arm64 environment.

How to Use

Compiling OpenHarmony Community Code

Download or update the OpenHarmony community code. For details, see Obtaining Source Code.
Download and install the toolchain.

   ./build/prebuilts_download.sh

Prepare the code to be compiled.

Create the build/rust/tests/test_bin_crate directory and the following files and folders in the directory:

   ├── BUILD.gn
   └── src
        └── main.rs

Sample code of main.rs:

   //! Hello world example for Rust.
   
   fn main() {
        println!("Hello, world!");
        println!(env!("RUSTENV_TEST"));
   }

Sample code of BUILD.gn:

   import("//build/ohos.gni")
   
   ohos_rust_executable("test_bin_crate") {
     sources = [ "src/main.rs" ]
     rustenv = [ "RUSTENV_TEST=123" ]
     features = [ "std" ]
     if (is_mingw) {
       rust_static_link = true
     }
   }

Run the following command to build the target:

   ./build.sh --product-name {product_name} --build-target

The following uses RK3568 as an example.

   ./build.sh --product-name rk3568 --build-target build/rust/tests/test_bin_crate:test_bin_crate –no-prebuilt-sdk

You can find the file generated in the following directory:

   ./out/rk3568/build/build_framework/test_bin_crate

Compiling Non-OpenHarmony Community Code

Installing the Rust Toolchain

Download the build repository code.

   git clone git@gitee.com:openharmony/build.git

Download and install the toolchain.

   ./build/prebuilts_download.sh

Check whether the toolchain is successfully installed.

   ./prebuilts/rustc/linux-x86_64/current/bin/rustc --version

The toolchain is installed if information similar to the following is displayed:

   rustc 1.72.0-nightly (xxxx)

Installing OpenHarmony Clang

NOTE

This tool is used to cross-compile the OpenHarmony target in a Linux x86 environment. You do not need to install it if you do not want to compile the OpenHarmony target.

Obtain the SDK download path from the latest OpenHarmony release notes.

ohos_sdk_download

Download the SDK package for Linux and decompress the packages in sequence.

   mv ohos-sdk-windows_linux-public.tar.gz /opt/
   cd /opt/
   tar -zxvf ohos-sdk-windows_linux-public.tar.gz
   cd ohos-sdk/linux
   unzip native-linux-x64-4.1.7.5-Release.zip

Compiling Source Code

Obtain the Rust source file main.rs.

   fn main() {
     println!("hello world");
   }

Compile the Rust source file main.rs for the host platform, which is linux-x86_64.

   ./prebuilts/rustc/linux-x86_64/current/bin/rustc main.rs

The build result is as follows:

   ./main
   hello world

Cross-compile the Rust source file main.rs for the target architecture armv7-unknown-linux-ohos, which is armv7 with the OpenHarmony OS.

   ./prebuilts/rustc/linux-x86_64/current/bin/rustc main.rs --target=armv7-unknown-linux-ohos -C linker=/opt/ohos-sdk/linux/native/llvm/bin/armv7-unknown-linux-ohos-clang

Cross-compile the Rust source file main.rs for the target architecture aarch64-unknown-linux-ohos, which is aarch64 with the OpenHarmony OS.

   ./prebuilts/rustc/linux-x86_64/current/bin/rustc main.rs --target=aarch64-unknown-linux-ohos -C linker=/opt/ohos-sdk/linux/native/llvm/bin/aarch64-unknown-linux-ohos-clang

Cross-compile the Rust source file main.rs for the target architecture x86_64-unknown-linux-ohos, which is x86_64 with the OpenHarmony OS.

   ./prebuilts/rustc/linux-x86_64/current/bin/rustc main.rs --target=x86_64-unknown-linux-ohos -C linker=/opt/ohos-sdk/linux/native/llvm/bin/x86_64-unknown-linux-ohos-clang