harmony 鸿蒙监听输入框事件

2025-06-16
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监听输入框事件

输入框包含多种交互行为，开发者可注册事件监听并获取状态。

要实现实时搜索功能，可注册NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_CHANGE事件，输入框文本发生变化时会收到通知，并能获取当前文本内容。

要实现文字过滤功能，可注册NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_WILL_INSERT事件，在文字即将插入前会收到通知，通过返回值控制文字是否插入。

要实现用户编辑文字前后页面布局的不同，可注册NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_EDIT_CHANGE事件，输入框编辑状态切换时会收到通知。

以下示例基于接入ArkTS页面章节，说明如何监听输入框的事件及数据解析。

注册事件

事件注册有统一接口，详情请参见registerNodeEvent。输入框支持的事件类型，请参见NativeNode组件支持的事件类型定义，搜索前缀NODE_TEXT_AREA_。

// 创建两个文本组件，展示事件内收到的信息。
ArkUI_NodeHandle text = nodeApi->createNode(ARKUI_NODE_TEXT);
ArkUI_NumberValue textWidth[] = {{.f32 = 300}};
ArkUI_AttributeItem textWidthItem = {.value = textWidth, .size = 1};
nodeApi->setAttribute(text, NODE_WIDTH, &textWidthItem);


ArkUI_NodeHandle selectionText = nodeApi->createNode(ARKUI_NODE_TEXT);
ArkUI_NumberValue selectionTextWidth[] = {{.f32 = 300}};
ArkUI_AttributeItem selectionTextWidthItem = {.value = selectionTextWidth, .size = 1};
nodeApi->setAttribute(selectionText, NODE_WIDTH, &selectionTextWidthItem);


const ArkUI_AttributeItem *attributeItem = nodeApi->getAttribute(textArea, NODE_UNIQUE_ID);
// 组件id作为targetid来区分不同组件的事件。
auto id = attributeItem->value[0].i32;
// 注册文本变化事件
nodeApi->registerNodeEvent(textArea, NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_CHANGE, id, text);
// 注册粘贴事件
nodeApi->registerNodeEvent(textArea, NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_PASTE, id, text);
// 注册文本选择事件
nodeApi->registerNodeEvent(textArea, NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_TEXT_SELECTION_CHANGE, id, selectionText);

注册事件回调

事件回调注册有统一接口，详情请参见registerNodeEventReceiver。

nodeApi->registerNodeEventReceiver([](ArkUI_NodeEvent *event) {
    ArkUI_NodeEventType eventType = OH_ArkUI_NodeEvent_GetEventType(event);
    ArkUI_AttributeItem content;
    // 文本内容变化事件和粘贴事件
    if (eventType == NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_CHANGE||eventType == NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_PASTE) {
        // 获取文本内容
        ArkUI_StringAsyncEvent *stringEvent = OH_ArkUI_NodeEvent_GetStringAsyncEvent(event);
        content = {.string = stringEvent->pStr };
    } else if (eventType == NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_TEXT_SELECTION_CHANGE) {
        // 获取选中的文字的索引值，起始索引和结束索引，根据此获取用户选中的文字
        ArkUI_NodeComponentEvent *componentEvent = OH_ArkUI_NodeEvent_GetNodeComponentEvent(event);
        std::stringstream selectContent;
        selectContent << "start: " << componentEvent->data[0].i32 << " , end: " << componentEvent->data[1].i32;
        content = {.string = selectContent.str().c_str() };
    } else {
        return;
    }
    ArkUI_NodeHandle textNode = reinterpret_cast<ArkUI_NodeHandle>(OH_ArkUI_NodeEvent_GetUserData(event));
    if (textNode) {
        // 将文本信息展示在Text组件上。
        ArkUI_NativeNodeAPI_1 *nodeApi = reinterpret_cast<ArkUI_NativeNodeAPI_1 *>(
            OH_ArkUI_QueryModuleInterfaceByName(ARKUI_NATIVE_NODE, "ArkUI_NativeNodeAPI_1"));
        nodeApi->setAttribute(textNode, NODE_TEXT_CONTENT, &content);
    }
});

完整示例

void NodeManager::CreateTextAreaNode() {
    ArkUI_NativeNodeAPI_1 *nodeApi = reinterpret_cast<ArkUI_NativeNodeAPI_1 *>(
        OH_ArkUI_QueryModuleInterfaceByName(ARKUI_NATIVE_NODE, "ArkUI_NativeNodeAPI_1"));
    if (nodeApi == nullptr) {
        return;
    }
    ArkUI_NodeHandle column = nodeApi->createNode(ARKUI_NODE_COLUMN);
    ArkUI_NumberValue colWidth[] = {{.f32 = 300}};
    ArkUI_AttributeItem widthItem = {.value = colWidth, .size = 1};
    nodeApi->setAttribute(column, NODE_WIDTH, &widthItem);


    ArkUI_NodeHandle text = nodeApi->createNode(ARKUI_NODE_TEXT);
    ArkUI_NumberValue textWidth[] = {{.f32 = 300}};
    ArkUI_AttributeItem textWidthItem = {.value = textWidth, .size = 1};
    nodeApi->setAttribute(text, NODE_WIDTH, &textWidthItem);
    nodeApi->addChild(column, text);


    ArkUI_NodeHandle selectionText = nodeApi->createNode(ARKUI_NODE_TEXT);
    ArkUI_NumberValue selectionTextWidth[] = {{.f32 = 300}};
    ArkUI_AttributeItem selectionTextWidthItem = {.value = selectionTextWidth, .size = 1};
    nodeApi->setAttribute(selectionText, NODE_WIDTH, &selectionTextWidthItem);
    nodeApi->addChild(column, selectionText);


    ArkUI_NodeHandle textArea = nodeApi->createNode(ARKUI_NODE_TEXT_AREA);
    ArkUI_NumberValue textAreaWidth[] = {{.f32 = 300}};
    ArkUI_AttributeItem textAreaWidthItem = {.value = textAreaWidth, .size = 1};
    nodeApi->setAttribute(textArea, NODE_WIDTH, &textAreaWidthItem);


    ArkUI_NumberValue borderWidth[] = {{.f32 = 1}};
    ArkUI_AttributeItem borderWidthItem = {.value = borderWidth, .size = 1};
    nodeApi->setAttribute(textArea, NODE_BORDER_WIDTH, &borderWidthItem);


    const ArkUI_AttributeItem *attributeItem = nodeApi->getAttribute(textArea, NODE_UNIQUE_ID);
    auto id = attributeItem->value[0].i32;
    nodeApi->registerNodeEvent(textArea, NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_CHANGE, id, text);
    nodeApi->registerNodeEvent(textArea, NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_PASTE, id, text);
    nodeApi->registerNodeEvent(textArea, NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_TEXT_SELECTION_CHANGE, id, selectionText);
    nodeApi->registerNodeEventReceiver([](ArkUI_NodeEvent *event) {
        ArkUI_NodeEventType eventType = OH_ArkUI_NodeEvent_GetEventType(event);
        ArkUI_AttributeItem content;
        if (eventType == NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_CHANGE||eventType == NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_PASTE) {
            ArkUI_StringAsyncEvent *stringEvent = OH_ArkUI_NodeEvent_GetStringAsyncEvent(event);
            content = {.string = stringEvent->pStr };
        } else if (eventType == NODE_TEXT_AREA_ON_TEXT_SELECTION_CHANGE) {
            ArkUI_NodeComponentEvent *componentEvent = OH_ArkUI_NodeEvent_GetNodeComponentEvent(event);
            std::stringstream selectContent;
            selectContent << "start: " << componentEvent->data[0].i32 << " , end: " << componentEvent->data[1].i32;
            content = {.string = selectContent.str().c_str() };
        } else {
            return;
        }
        ArkUI_NodeHandle textNode = reinterpret_cast<ArkUI_NodeHandle>(OH_ArkUI_NodeEvent_GetUserData(event));
        if (textNode) {
            ArkUI_NativeNodeAPI_1 *nodeApi = reinterpret_cast<ArkUI_NativeNodeAPI_1 *>(
                OH_ArkUI_QueryModuleInterfaceByName(ARKUI_NATIVE_NODE, "ArkUI_NativeNodeAPI_1"));
            nodeApi->setAttribute(textNode, NODE_TEXT_CONTENT, &content);
        }
    });
    nodeApi->addChild(column, textArea);
    OH_NativeXComponent_AttachNativeRootNode(xComponent, column);
}

textarea_getstringevent