harmony 鸿蒙Concurrent Loading of Service Modules

2025-06-06
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Concurrent Loading of Service Modules

During application launch, multiple service modules need to be loaded. For example, in a mapping application, different modules such as positioning, ride-hailing, and navigation are required. Initializing all these modules in the UI main thread can significantly increase the cold start time. To address this, these modules should be loaded concurrently in separate background threads to reduce launch latency.

By leveraging the TaskPool capabilities provided by ArkTS, different service initialization tasks can be offloaded to background threads. Service modules can be implemented in C++ as NativeBinding objects or defined in ArkTS as Sendable objects. The initialized modules can then be returned to the UI main thread for use. The implementation involves the following steps:

Define each service module (SDK) (using Sendable objects as an example).

Define the calculator service module as follows:

   // sdk/Calculator.ets
   import { collections } from '@kit.ArkTS'
   
   @Sendable
   export class Calculator {
     history?: collections.Array<collections.Array<string>>
     totalCount: number = 0
   
     static init(): Calculator {
       let calc = new Calculator()
       calc.totalCount = 0
       calc.history = collections.Array.create(calc.totalCount, collections.Array.create(2, ""));
       return calc
     }
   
     add(a: number, b: number) {
       let result = a + b;
       this.newCalc(`${a} + ${b}`, `${result}`);
       return result
     }
   
     sub(a: number, b: number) {
       let result = a - b;
       this.newCalc(`${a} - ${b}`, `${result}`);
       return result
     }
   
     mul(a: number, b: number) {
       let result = a * b;
       this.newCalc(`${a} * ${b}`, `${result}`);
       return result
     }
   
     div(a: number, b: number) {
       let result = a / b;
       this.newCalc(`${a} / ${b}`, `${result}`);
       return result
     }
   
     getHistory(): collections.Array<collections.Array<string>> {
       return this.history!;
     }
   
     showHistory() {
       for (let i = 0; i < this.totalCount; i++) {
         console.info(`${i}: ${this.history![i][0]} = ${this.history![i][1]}`)
       }
     }
   
     private newCalc(opt: string, ret: string) {
       let newRecord = new collections.Array<string>(opt, ret)
       this.totalCount = this.history!.unshift(newRecord)
     }
   }

Define the timer service module as follows:

   // sdk/TimerSdk.ets
   @Sendable
   export class TimerSdk {
     static init(): TimerSdk {
       let timer = new TimerSdk()
       return timer
     }
   
     async Countdown(time: number) {
       return new Promise((resolve: (value: boolean) => void) => {
         setTimeout(() => {
           resolve(true)
         }, time)
       })
     }
   }

In the UI main thread, trigger the distribution of service modules to child threads, and use them in the UI main thread after loading is complete. The following is an example:

   // Index.ets
   import { Calculator } from '../sdk/Calculator'
   import { TimerSdk } from '../sdk/TimerSdk'
   import { taskpool } from '@kit.ArkTS';
   
   @Concurrent
   function initCalculator(): Calculator {
     return Calculator.init()
   }
   
   @Concurrent
   function initTimerSdk(): TimerSdk {
     return TimerSdk.init()
   }
   
   @Entry
   @Component
   struct Index {
     calc?: Calculator
     timer?: TimerSdk
   
     aboutToAppear(): void {
       taskpool.execute(initCalculator).then((ret) => {
         this.calc = ret as Calculator
       })
       taskpool.execute(initTimerSdk).then((ret) => {
         this.timer = ret as TimerSdk
       })
     }
   
     build() {
       Row() {
         Column() {
           Text("calculate add")
             .id('add')
             .fontSize(50)
             .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
             .alignRules({
               center: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Center },
               middle: { anchor: '__container__', align: HorizontalAlign.Center }
             })
             .onClick(async () => {
               let result = this.calc?.add(1, 2)
               console.info(`Result is ${result}`)
             })
           Text("show history")
             .id('show')
             .fontSize(50)
             .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
             .alignRules({
               center: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Center },
               middle: { anchor: '__container__', align: HorizontalAlign.Center }
             })
             .onClick(async () => {
               this.calc?.showHistory()
             })
           Text("countdown")
             .id('get')
             .fontSize(50)
             .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
             .alignRules({
               center: { anchor: '__container__', align: VerticalAlign.Center },
               middle: { anchor: '__container__', align: HorizontalAlign.Center }
             })
             .onClick(async () => {
               console.info(`Timer start`)
               await this.timer?.Countdown(1000);
               console.info(`Timer end`)
             })
         }
         .width('100%')
       }
       .height('100%')
     }
   }