harmony 鸿蒙Wrapping a Native Object in an ArkTS Object

2025-06-12
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Wrapping a Native Object in an ArkTS Object

When to Use

You can use napi_wrap to wrap a C++ object in an ArkTS object, and use napi_unwrap to retrieve the C++ object previously wrapped in the ArkTS object for subsequent operations.

Example

Declare the APIs, configure compile settings, and register the modules.

Declare the APIs.

   // index.d.ts
   export class MyObject {
      constructor(arg: number);
      plusOne: () => number;

      public get value();
      public set value(newVal: number);
   }

Configure compile settings.

   # Minimum version of CMake.
   cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5.0)
   project(napi_wrap_demo)

   set(NATIVERENDER_ROOT_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})

   if(DEFINED PACKAGE_FIND_FILE)
       include(${PACKAGE_FIND_FILE})
   endif()

   include_directories(${NATIVERENDER_ROOT_PATH}
                       ${NATIVERENDER_ROOT_PATH}/include)

   add_definitions("-DLOG_DOMAIN=0x0000")
   add_definitions("-DLOG_TAG=\"testTag\"")

   add_library(entry SHARED napi_init.cpp)
   target_link_libraries(entry PUBLIC libace_napi.z.so libhilog_ndk.z.so)

Register modules.

   // napi_init.cpp
   #include "napi/native_api.h"
   #include "hilog/log.h"

   class MyObject {
    public:
     static napi_value Init(napi_env env, napi_value exports);
     static void Destructor(napi_env env, void* nativeObject, void* finalize_hint);

    private:
     explicit MyObject(double value_ = 0);
     ~MyObject();

     static napi_value New(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info);
     static napi_value GetValue(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info);
     static napi_value SetValue(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info);
     static napi_value PlusOne(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info);

     double value_;
     napi_env env_;
     napi_ref wrapper_;
   };

   static thread_local napi_ref g_ref = nullptr;

   MyObject::MyObject(double value)
       : value_(value), env_(nullptr), wrapper_(nullptr) {}

   MyObject::~MyObject()
   {
     napi_delete_reference(env_, wrapper_);
   }

   void MyObject::Destructor(napi_env env,
                             void* nativeObject,
                             [[maybe_unused]] void* finalize_hint)
   {
     OH_LOG_INFO(LOG_APP, "MyObject::Destructor called");
     delete reinterpret_cast<MyObject*>(nativeObject);
   }

   napi_value MyObject::Init(napi_env env, napi_value exports)
   {
     napi_property_descriptor properties[] = {
         { "value", 0, 0, GetValue, SetValue, 0, napi_default, 0 },
         { "plusOne", nullptr, PlusOne, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, napi_default, nullptr }
     };

     napi_value cons;
     napi_define_class(env, "MyObject", NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH, New, nullptr, 2,
                              properties, &cons);

     napi_create_reference(env, cons, 1, &g_ref);
     napi_set_named_property(env, exports, "MyObject", cons);
     return exports;
   }

   EXTERN_C_START
   static napi_value Init(napi_env env, napi_value exports)
   {
       MyObject::Init(env, exports);
       return exports;
   }
   EXTERN_C_END

   static napi_module nativeModule = {
       .nm_version = 1,
       .nm_flags = 0,
       .nm_filename = nullptr,
       .nm_register_func = Init,
       .nm_modname = "entry",
       .nm_priv = nullptr,
       .reserved = { 0 },
   };

   extern "C" __attribute__((constructor)) void RegisterObjectWrapModule()
   {
       napi_module_register(&nativeModule);
   }

Wrap a C++ object in an ArkTS object in a constructor.

   napi_value MyObject::New(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info)
   {
     OH_LOG_INFO(LOG_APP, "MyObject::New called");

     napi_value newTarget;
     napi_get_new_target(env, info, &newTarget);
     if (newTarget != nullptr) {
       // Invoked as the constructor `new MyObject(...)`.
       size_t argc = 1;
       napi_value args[1];
       napi_value jsThis;
       napi_get_cb_info(env, info, &argc, args, &jsThis, nullptr);

       double value = 0.0;
       napi_valuetype valuetype;
       napi_typeof(env, args[0], &valuetype);
       if (valuetype != napi_undefined) {
         napi_get_value_double(env, args[0], &value);
       }

       MyObject* obj = new MyObject(value);

       obj->env_ = env;
       // Use napi_wrap to wrap the C++ object obj in the ArkTS object jsThis.
       napi_status status = napi_wrap(env,
                                      jsThis,
                                      reinterpret_cast<void*>(obj),
                                      MyObject::Destructor,
                                      nullptr,  // finalize_hint
                                      &obj->wrapper_);
       // If napi_wrap fails, the allocated memory must be manually released to prevent memory leaks.
       if (status != napi_ok) {
         OH_LOG_INFO(LOG_APP, "Failed to bind native object to js object"
                     ", return code: %{public}d", status);
         delete obj;
         return jsThis;
       }
       // Obtain the napi_ref behavior from result of napi_wrap() to create a strong reference to jsThis.
       // If you do not want to manage the lifecycle of jsThis, pass nullptr in the last parameter of napi_wrap
       // or call napi_reference_unref to convert napi_ref to a weak reference.
       uint32_t refCount = 0;
       napi_reference_unref(env, obj->wrapper_, &refCount);

       return jsThis;
     } else {
       // Invoked as the plain function `MyObject(...)`.
       size_t argc = 1;
       napi_value args[1];
       napi_get_cb_info(env, info, &argc, args, nullptr, nullptr);

       napi_value cons;
       napi_get_reference_value(env, g_ref, &cons);
       napi_value instance;
       napi_new_instance(env, cons, argc, args, &instance);

       return instance;
     }
   }

Retrieve the C++ object from the ArkTS object and perform subsequent operations on the C++ object.

   napi_value MyObject::GetValue(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info)
   {
     OH_LOG_INFO(LOG_APP, "MyObject::GetValue called");

     napi_value jsThis;
     napi_get_cb_info(env, info, nullptr, nullptr, &jsThis, nullptr);

     MyObject* obj;
     // Use napi_unwrap to retrieve obj (the C++ object) previously wrapped in jsThis (the ArkTS object), and perform subsequent operations.
     napi_unwrap(env, jsThis, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&obj));
     napi_value num;
     napi_create_double(env, obj->value_, &num);

     return num;
   }

   napi_value MyObject::SetValue(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info)
   {
     OH_LOG_INFO(LOG_APP, "MyObject::SetValue called");

     size_t argc = 1;
     napi_value value;
     napi_value jsThis;

     napi_get_cb_info(env, info, &argc, &value, &jsThis, nullptr);

     MyObject* obj;
     // Use napi_unwrap to retrieve obj (the C++ object) previously wrapped in jsThis (the ArkTS object), and perform subsequent operations.
     napi_unwrap(env, jsThis, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&obj));
     napi_get_value_double(env, value, &obj->value_);

     return nullptr;
   }

   napi_value MyObject::PlusOne(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info)
   {
     OH_LOG_INFO(LOG_APP, "MyObject::PlusOne called");

     napi_value jsThis;
     napi_get_cb_info(env, info, nullptr, nullptr, &jsThis, nullptr);

     MyObject* obj;
     // Use napi_unwrap to retrieve obj (the C++ object) previously wrapped in jsThis (the ArkTS object), and perform subsequent operations.
     napi_unwrap(env, jsThis, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&obj));
     obj->value_ += 1;
     napi_value num;
     napi_create_double(env, obj->value_, &num);

     return num;
   }

The following provides the sample ArkTS code.

   import hilog from '@ohos.hilog';
   import { MyObject } from 'libentry.so';

   let object : MyObject = new MyObject(0);
   object.value = 1023;
   hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', 'MyObject value after set: %{public}d', object.value);
   hilog.info(0x0000, 'testTag', 'MyObject plusOne: %{public}d', object.plusOne());