harmony 鸿蒙Using startAbilityByType to Start an Express Delivery Application

2025-06-06
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Using startAbilityByType to Start an Express Delivery Application

This topic describes how to open the vertical domain panel of express delivery applications.

For example, in a messaging application, when a user receives a delivery tracking number, the application can identify this number and provide a link for querying the package. After the user touches the link, the application calls UIAbilityContext.startAbilityByType or UIExtensionContentSession.startAbilityByType to open a panel. This panel displays all available applications on the device that support express delivery query, enabling the user to select and switch to the application that meets their needs.

Parameters on the Express Delivery Application Panel

If the type field in startAbilityByType is set to express, the intent scenario of express delivery query is supported. The corresponding wantParam parameter contains the following properties.

Name	Type	Mandatory	Description
sceneType	number	No	Intent scene, which indicates the purpose of the current request. The default value is 1. In express delivery query scenarios, set it to 1 or leave it empty.
expressNo	string	Yes	Express delivery tracking number.

Developing a Caller Application

Import the module. ts import { common } from '@kit.AbilityKit';

Construct parameters and call the startAbilityByType API.

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
    @State hideAbility: string = 'hideAbility'


    build() {
        Row() {
            Column() {
                Text(this.hideAbility)
                .fontSize(30)
                .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
                    .onClick(() => {
                        let context = this.getUIContext().getHostContext() as common.UIAbilityContext;
                        let wantParam: Record<string, Object> = {
                            'sceneType': 1,
                            'expressNo': 'SF123456'
                        };
                        let abilityStartCallback: common.AbilityStartCallback = {
                            onError: (code: number, name: string, message: string) => {
                                console.log(`onError code ${code} name: ${name} message: ${message}`);
                            },
                            onResult: (result) => {
                                console.log(`onResult result: ${JSON.stringify(result)}`);
                            }
                        }


                        context.startAbilityByType("express", wantParam, abilityStartCallback,
                            (err) => {
                                if (err) {
                                    console.error(`startAbilityByType fail, err: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`);
                                } else {
                                    console.log(`success`);
                                }
                            });
                    });
            }
            .width('100%')
        }
        .height('100%')
    }
}

Effect

Effect example

Developing a Target Application

Configure uris in the module.json5 file.
1. Set the linkFeature field to declare the features supported by the application so that the system can match the application against all the installed applications on the device. The options are as follows: |Value |Description | |————|——————–| |QueryExpress|Declares that the application supports express delivery query.|
2. Set scheme, host, port, and path or pathStartWith to match the URIs in Want to distinguish different features. json { "abilities": [ { "skills": [ { "uris": [ { "scheme": "express", "host": "queryExpress", "path": "", "linkFeature": "QueryExpress" } ] } ] } ] }
Parse parameters and perform corresponding processing.
```
UIAbility.onCreate(want: Want, launchParam: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void
```
The want.uri parameter carries the URI corresponding to linkFeature configured by the target application.

The want.parameters parameter carries the parameters transferred by the caller application, as described in the table below.

|Name |Type|Mandatory|Description | |———|——|—-|——–| |expressNo|string|Yes|Express delivery tracking number.|

Sample Code

import { AbilityConstant, UIAbility, Want } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
import { hilog } from '@kit.PerformanceAnalysisKit';
import { window } from '@kit.ArkUI';

const TAG = 'EntryAbility'

export default class EntryAbility extends UIAbility {
    windowStage: window.WindowStage|null = null;

    uri?: string;
    expressNo?: string;

    onCreate(want: Want, launchParam: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, `onCreate, want=${JSON.stringify(want)}`);
        super.onCreate(want, launchParam);
        this.parseWant(want);
    }

    onNewWant(want: Want, launchParam: AbilityConstant.LaunchParam): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, `onNewWant, want=${JSON.stringify(want)}`);
        super.onNewWant(want, launchParam);
        this.parseWant(want);
        if (!this.windowStage) {
            hilog.error(0x0000, TAG, 'windowStage is null');
            this.context.terminateSelf();
            return;
        }
        this.loadPage(this.windowStage);
    }

    private parseWant(want: Want): void {
        this.uri = want.uri as string|undefined;
        this.expressNo = want.parameters?.expressNo as string|undefined;
    }

    private loadPage(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, `loadPage, uri=${this.uri}`);
        if (this.uri === 'express://queryExpress') {
            // Build express delivery query parameters.
            const storage: LocalStorage = new LocalStorage({
                "expressNo": this.expressNo
            } as Record<string, Object>);
            // Display the express delivery query page.
            windowStage.loadContent('pages/QueryExpressPage', storage)
        } else {
            // Display the home page by default.
            windowStage.loadContent('pages/Index', (err) => {
                if (err.code) {
                    hilog.error(0x0000, TAG, 'Failed to load the content. Cause: %{public}s',
                        JSON.stringify(err) ?? '');
                    return;
                }
                hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, 'Succeeded in loading the content.');
            });
        }
    }

    onDestroy(): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, `onDestroy`);
    }

    onWindowStageCreate(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, `onWindowStageCreate`);
        this.windowStage = windowStage;
        this.loadPage(this.windowStage);
    }

    onWindowStageDestroy(): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, '%{public}s', 'Ability onWindowStageDestroy');
    }

    onForeground(): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, '%{public}s', 'Ability onForeground');
    }

    onBackground(): void {
        hilog.info(0x0000, TAG, '%{public}s', 'Ability onBackground');
    }
}